Publications

2022

• Cardoso FS, Fidalgo P, Bagshaw SM, Gottfried M, Tujios S, Olson JC, et al. Persistent but not transient acute kidney injury was associated with lower transplant-free survival in patients with acute liver failure: A multicenter cohort study. Crit Care Med 2022 Apr 21.
• Xu L, Yang Y, Wen Y, Jeong JM, Emontzpohl C, Atkins CL, et al. Hepatic recruitment of eosinophils and their protective function during acute liver injury. Hepatology 2022 Online ahead of print
• Vazquez JH, Kennon-McGill S, Byrum SD, Mackintosh SG, Jaeschke H, Williams DK, et al. Proteomics indicates lactate dehydrogenase is prognostic in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure patents and reveals altered signaling pathways. Toxicol Sci 2022;187:25-34.
• Rao A, Rule JA, Hameed B, Ganger D, Fontana RJ, Lee WM. Secular trends in severe idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury in North America: An update from the Acute Liver Failure Study Group registry. Am J Gastroenterol 2022;117:617-626.
• von Meijenfeldt FA, Stravitz RT, Zhang J, Adelmeijer J, Zen Y, Durkalski V, et al. Generation of neutrophil extracellular traps in patients with acute liver failure is associated with poor outcome. Hepatology 2022;75:623-63.
• Rao A, Rule JA, Cerro-Chiang G, Stravitz RT, McGuire B, Lee G, Fontana RJ, Lee WM. Role of hepatitis C infection in acute liver injury/failure in North America. Dig Dis Sci 2022: online ahead of print.
• Long A, Magrath M, Mihalopoulos M, Rule JA, Agrawal D, Haley R, Kleinschmidt K, Lee WM. Changes in epidemiology of acetaminophen overdoses in an urban county hospital after 20 Years. Am J Gastroenterol 2022;117:1324-1328
• Tujios S, Stravitz RT, Lee WM. Management of Acute Liver Failure: Update 2022. Semin Liver Dis 2022;42:362-378.
• Karvellas CJ, Leventhal TM, Rakela JL, Zhang J, Durkalski V, Reddy KR, Fontana RJ, Stravitz RT, Lake JR, Lee WM, Parekh JR. Outcomes of acute liver failure patients listed for liver transplantation: A multicenter prospective cohort analysis. Liver Transpl 2022 Aug 18, Epub ahead of print.
• Liao TJ, Pan B, Hong H, Hayashi P, Rule JA, Ganger D, Lee WM, Rakela J, Chen M. Whole exome sequencing reveals genetic variants in HLA Class II genes associated with transplant-free survival of indeterminate acute liver failure. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2022;13:e00502. Epub 2022 Jun 2.
• Wang J, Liu PH, Xu P, Sumarsono A, Rule JA, Hedayati SS, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Hypochloremia as a novel adverse prognostic factor in acute liver failure. Liver Int. 2022 E pub Oct 6. doi: 10.1111/liv.15449

2021

• Karvellas CJ, Speiser JL, Tremblay M, Lee WM, Rose CF; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Elevated serum liver-type fatty acid binding protein levels in non-acetaminophen acute liver failure patients with organ dysfunction. Dig Dis Sci 2021;66:273-283. PMID: 32125573.
• Patidar KR, Davis BC, Slaven JE, Ghabril MS, Kubal CA, Lee WM, Stravitz RT.  Admission Factor V Predicts Transplant-Free Survival in Acute Liver Failure. Dig Dis Sci 2021;66:619-627. PMID: 32185661.
• Anugwom CM, Parekh JR, Hwang C, MacConmara M, Lee WM, Leventhal TM. Comparison of clinical outcomes of induction regimens in patients undergoing liver transplantation for acute liver failure. Liver Transpl 2021;27:27-33. PMID: 32578297.
• Driever EG, Stravitz RT, Zhang J, Adelmeijer J, Durkalski V, Lee WM, Lisman T.  VWF/ADAMTS13 imbalance, but not global coagulation or fibrinolysis, is associated with outcome and bleeding in acute liver failure. Hepatology 2021;73:1882-1891. PMID: 32767567; PMCID: PMC8251778.
• Shan Z, Li L, Atkins CL, Wang M, Wen Y, Jeong J, Moreno NF, Feng D, Gui X,Zhang N, Lee CG, Elias JA, Lee WM, Gao B, Lam FW, An Z, Ju C. Chitinase 3-like-1 contributes to acetaminophen-induced liver injury by promoting hepatic platelet recruitment. Elife 2021;10:e68571. PMID: 34110284; PMCID: PMC8233036.
• Tavabie OD, Karvellas CJ, Salehi S, Speiser JL, Rose CF, Menon K, Prachalias A, Heneghan MA, Agarwal K, Lee WM, McPhail MJW, Aluvihare VR; United States Acute Liver Failure Study Group.  A novel microRNA-based prognostic model outperforms standard prognostic models in patients with acetaminophen- induced acute liver failure. J Hepatol 2021;75:424-434. PMID: 33857547.
• Stravitz RT, Fontana RJ, Meinzer C, Durkalski V, Hanje AJ, Olson J, Koch D, Hamid B, Schilsky ML, McGuire B, Ganger D, Liou I, Karvellas CJ, Rule JA, Lisman T, Clasen K, Reuben A, Cripps MW, Lee WM; ALF Study Group. Coagulopathy, bleeding events, and outcome according to rotational thromboelastometry in patients with acute liver failure. Hepatology 2021 Feb 26. Online ahead of print. PMID: 33636020
• Fontana RJ, Stravitz RT, Durkalski V, Hanje J, Hameed B, Koch D, Ganger D, Olson J, Liou I, McGuire BM, Clasen K, Lee WM. Prognostic value of the 13C-methacetin breath test in adults with acute liver failure and non-acetaminophen acute liver injury. Hepatology 2021 Mar 3. Online ahead of print. PMID: 33660316
• MacDonald AJ, Subramanian RM, Olson JC, Speiser JL, Durkalski-Mauldin VL, Abraldes JG, Bigam DL, Flynn MM, Rapaka B, Shropshire BM, Vora RS, Karvellas CJ; U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Use of the molecular adsorbent recirculating system in acute liver failure: Results of a multi-center propensity score-matched study. Crit Care Med 2021 Jul 13. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34259656.

2020

• Fontana RJ, Engle RE, Gottfried M, Hammed B, Hanje J, Durkalski V, Kleiner DE, Nguyen H, Nishimura N, Lee WM, Farci P; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Role of hepatitis E virus infection in North American patients with severe acute liver injury. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2020;11:e00273. PMID: 33259165; PMCID: PMC7665257.
• Lee WM. Acetaminophen toxicity: A history of serendipity and unintended consequences. Clin Liver Dis 2020;16(Suppl 1):34-44. PMID: 33042525; PMCID: PMC7538926.
• MacDonald AJ, Speiser JL, Ganger DR, Nilles KM, Orandi BJ, Larson AM, Lee WM, Karvellas CJ; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Clinical and neurologic outcomes in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: A 21-Year multicenter cohort study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020;:S1542-3565. PMID: 32920216.
• Glavind E, Gotthardt DN, Pfeiffenberger J, Sandahl TD, Bashlekova T, Willemoe GL, Hasselby JP, Weiss KH, Møller HJ, Vilstrup H, Lee WM, Schilsky ML,Ott P, Grønbæk H. The macrophage activation marker soluble CD163 is elevated and associated with liver disease phenotype in patients with Wilson's disease. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020;15:173. PMID: 32615997; PMCID: PMC7331244.
• James LP, McGill MR, Roberts DW, Hinson JA, Lee WM. Advances in biomarker development in acetaminophen toxicity. Adv Clin Chem 2020;98:35-50. PMID: 32564787.
• Montague SJ, Hicks SM, Lee CS, Coupland LA, Parish CR, Lee WM, Andrews RK, Gardiner EE. Fibrin exposure triggers αIIbβ3-independent platelet aggregate formation, ADAM10 activity and glycoprotein VI shedding in a charge- dependent manner. J Thromb Haemost 2020;18:1447-1458. PMID: 32198957.
• Casey LC, Fontana RJ, Aday A, Nelson DB, Rule JA, Gottfried M, Tran M, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Acute liver failure (ALF) in pregnancy: How much is pregnancy related? Hepatology 2020;72:1366-1377. PMID: 31991493; PMCID: PMC7384942.
• Puri P, Lee WM, Fontana RJ, Kim NK, Durkalski V, McGuire BM, Liou I, Pezzia C, Stravitz RT; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Alcohol consumption is associated with the severity and outcome of acute liver injury/ failure. Liver Int 2020;40:360-367. PMID: 31823452.
• Ren Y, Xu Y, Lee WM, Di Bisceglie AM, Fan X. In-depth serum virome analysis in patients with acute liver failure with indeterminate etiology. Arch Virol 2020;165:127-135. PMID: 31741097; PMCID: PMC6957702.

2019

• Significant lung injury and its prognostic significance in acute liver failure: A cohort analysis. Dong V, Sun K, Gottfried M, Cardoso FS, McPhail MJ, Stravitz RT, Lee WM, Karvellas CJ. Liver Int 2019;September 30, epub ahead of print.
• Whole exome sequencing among 36 patients with indeterminate acute liver failure: A pilot study. Rakela J, Rule J, Ganger D, Lau J, Cunningham J, Dehankar M, Baheti S, Lee WM. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2019: Oct 10, epub ahead of print.
• Liver transplantation for acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: role of psychiatric comorbidity in listing decisions and outcomes. Simmons OK, Meinzer C, Rule J, Lee WM and ALFSG. Dig Dis Sci 2019;Nov 2 epub ahead of print.
• Alcohol consumption is associated with the severity and outcome of acute liver injury/failure. Puri P, Lee WM, Fontana RJ, Kim NK, Durkalski V, McGuire BM, Liou I, Pezzia C, Stravitz RT and ALFSG. Liver Int 2019;Dec 10 epub ahead of print.
• Outcomes of acute liver injury (ALI) in adults due to Wilson Disease: Is survival without transplant possible? Camarata M, Gottfried M, Rule JA, Ala A, Lee WM, Stravitz RT, Schilsky ML. Liver Transpl 2019; Dec 14 epub ahead of print
• Acute Liver Failure: Seminar. Stravitz RT, Lee WM. Lancet 2019;394:869–81
• Changes in Alpha-fetoprotein and Gc-Globulin in Relation to Outcomes in Non-Acetaminophen Acute Liver Failure. Singh S, Hynan LS, Rule JA, Lee WM. Liver Int. 2019 Aug 17. doi: 10.1111/liv.14216. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 31421008
• Leukocyte cell derived chemotaxin-2 (Lect2) as a predictor of survival in adult acute liver failure. Slowik V, Borude P, Jaeschke H, Woolbright BL, Lee WM, Apte U; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Mar 20;4:17. doi: 10.21037/tgh.2019.03.03. eCollection 2019. PMID: 30976720
• Host Genetic Variant in CXCL16 May Be Associated With Hepatitis B Virus-Related Acute Liver Failure. Ajmera V, Huang H, Dao D, Feld JJ, Lau DT, Patel K, Rule JA, Daly M, Lee WM, Chung RT. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;7(2):477-479.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2018.09.018. Epub 2018 Oct 17. No abstract available. PMID: 30827414
• Acetaminophen is Undetectable in Plasma From More Than Half of Patients Believed to Have Acute Liver Failure Due to Overdose. Leventhal TM, Gottfried M, Olson JC, Subramanian RM, Hameed B, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Sep;17(10):2110-2116. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.01.040. Epub 2019 Feb 5. PMID: 30731196
• Low Serum Hepcidin Is Associated With Reduced Short-Term Survival in Adults With Acute Liver Failure. Spivak I, Arora J, Meinzer C, Durkalski-Mauldin V, Lee WM, Trautwein C, Fontana RJ, Strnad P; Acute Liver Failure Study Group (ALFSG). Hepatology. 2019 May;69(5):2136-2149. doi: 10.1002/hep.30486. Epub 2019 Mar 15. PMID: 30582749
• Herpes Simplex Virus-Associated Acute Liver Failure Often Goes Unrecognized. Little L, Rule J, Peng L, Gottfried M, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Hepatology. 2019 Feb;69(2):917-919. doi: 10.1002/hep.30236. Epub 2019 Jan 4. No abstract available. PMID: 30151988

2018

• Acute Liver Failure of Indeterminate Etiology: A Comprehensive Systematic Approach by An Expert Committee to Establish Causality. Ganger DR, Rule J, Rakela J, Bass N, Reuben A, Stravitz RT, Sussman N, Larson AM, James L, Chiu C, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018 Sep;113(9):1319. doi: 10.1038/s41395-018-0160-2. Epub 2018 Jun 27. PMID: 29946176

• Acetaminophen-induced Acute Liver Failure Is More Common and More Severe in Women. Rubin JB, Hameed B, Gottfried M, Lee WM, Sarkar M; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 Jun;16(6):936-946. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2017.11.042. Epub 2017 Dec 2. PMID: 29199145

• Bleeding complications in acute liver failure. Stravitz RT, Ellerbe C, Durkalski V, Schilsky M, Fontana RJ, Peterseim C, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Hepatology. 2018 May;67(5):1931-1942. doi: 10.1002/hep.29694. Epub 2018 Mar 26. PMID: 29194678

• Acute Liver Failure from Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Antagonists: Report of Four Cases and Literature Review. Kok B, Lester ELW, Lee WM, Hanje AJ, Stravitz RT, Girgis S, et al; United States Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Dig Dis Sci 2018 Mar 21. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 29564668

• Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of L-ornithine phenylacetate in patients with acute liver injury/failure and hyperammonemia. Stravitz RT, Gottfried M, Durkalski V, Fontana RJ, Hanje AJ, Koch D, Hameed B, Ganger D, Subramanian RM, Bukofzer S, Ravis WR, Clasen K, Sherker A, Little L, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Hepatology 2018; 67:1003-13. PMID: 29080224

• Cytokine profiles in acute liver injury-Results from the US Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Bonkovsky HL, Barnhart HX, Foureau DM, Steuerwald N, Lee WM, Gu J, Fontana RJ, Hayashi PJ, Chalasani N, Navarro VM, Odin J, Stolz A, Watkins PB, Serrano J; US Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. PLoS One. 2018 Oct 25;13(10):e0206389. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206389. eCollection 2018. Erratum in: PLoS One. 2019 Feb 11;14(2):e0212394. PMID: 30359443

2017

• Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity — Isn't it time for APAP to go away? Lee WM. J Hepatol 2017;67:1324-31. PMID: 28734939

• Viral surveillance in serum samples from patients with acute liver failure by metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Somasekar S, Lee D, Rule J, Naccache SN, Stone M, Busch MP, Sanders C, Lee WM, Chiu CY. Clin Infect Dis 2017;65:1477-85. PMID: 29020199

• The association between FABP7 serum levels with survival and neurological complications in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: a nested case-control study. Karvellas CJ, Speiser JL, Tremblay M, Lee WM, Rose CF; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Ann Intensive Care 2017;7:99-103. PMID: 28983815

• Psychosocial and behavioral factors in acetaminophen-related acute liver failure and liver injury. Pezzia C, Sanders C, Welch S, Bowling A, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. J Psychosom Res 2017;101:51-57. PMID: 28867424

• Continuous renal replacement therapy is associated with reduced serum ammonia levels and mortality in acute liver failure. Cardoso, FS, Gottfried M, Tujios S, Olson JC, Karvellas CJ, for the US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Hepatology August 20017 Epub ahead of print. PMID: 28859230

• Elevated FABP1 serum levels are associated with poorer survival in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. Karvellas CJ, Speiser JL, Tremblay M, Lee WM, Rose CF; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Hepatology 2017;65:938-49. PMID 27859489
• Budd-Chiari syndrome causing acute liver failure: A multicenter case series. Parekh J, Matei VM, Canas-Coto A, Friedman D, Lee WM; and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Liver Transpl 2017;23:135-42. PMID 27656864
• An immunoassay to rapidly measure acetaminophen protein adducts accurately identifies patients with acute liver injury or failure. Roberts DW, Lee WM, Hinson JA, Bai S, Swearingen CJ, Stravitz RT, Reuben A, Letzig L, Simpson PM, Rule J, Fontana RJ, Ganger D, Reddy KR, Liou I, Fix O, James LP. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;15:555-62. PMID 27641661

• Heat stroke leading to acute liver injury and failure: A case series from the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Davis BC, Tillman H, Chung RT, Stravitz RT, Reddy KR, Fontana RJ, McGuire B, Davern T, Lee WM. Liver Int 2017;37:509-13. PMID 28128878

• Association of variants of arginine vasopressin and arginine vasopressin receptor 1A, with severe acetaminophen liver injury. Randesi M, Levran O, Correa da Rosa J, Hankins J, Rule J, Kreek MJ, Lee WM. Cell Molec Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;3;500-05. PMID 28462386

• The natural history of acute liver injury. Koch DG, Speiser JL, Durkalski V, Fontana RJ, Davern T, McGuire B, et al. Am J Gastroenterol 2017;112:1389-96.

• HBV-associated acute liver failure after immunosuppression and risk of death. Karvellas CJ, Cardoso FS, Gottfried M, Reddy KR, Hanje AJ, Ganger D, Lee WM; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;15:113-22; PMID: 27311622

2016

• Development and Pilot of a Checklist for Management of Acute Liver Failure in the Intensive Care Unit. Fix OK, Liou I, Karvellas CJ, Ganger DR, Forde KA, Subramanian RM, Boylan A, Hanje J, Stravitz RT, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. PLoS One. 2016 May 13; PMID: 27176033 PMCID: PMC4866783
• The role of hepatitis E virus infection in Adult Americans with acute liver failure. Fontana RJ, Engle RE, Scaglione S, Araya V, Shaikh O, Tillman H, Attar N, Purcell RH, Lee WM; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Hepatology. 2016 May 23. PMID: 27215797
• Development of a Model to Predict Transplant-free Survival of Patients with Acute Liver Failure. Koch DG, Tillman H, Durkalski V, Lee WM, Reuben A. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 Apr 13. PMID: 27085756
• Clinical Features and Outcomes of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Induced Acute Liver Failure and Injury. Hillman L, Gottfried M, Whitsett M, Rakela J, Schilsky M, Lee WM, Ganger D. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016 Apr 5. PMID: 27045922
• Outcomes in Adults With Acute Liver Failure Between 1998 and 2013: An Observational Cohort Study. Fontana RJ, Engle RE, Scaglione S, Araya V, Shaikh O, Tillman H, Attar N, Purcell RH, Lee WM; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. The role of hepatitis E virus infection in adult Americans with acute liver failure. Hepatology 2016;64:1870-80. PMID 27043883
• Acute Liver Injury and Acute Liver Failure from Mushroom Poisoning in North America. Karvellas CJ, Tillman H, Leung AA, Lee WM, Schilsky ML, Hameed B, Stravitz RT, McGuire BM, Fix OK; United States Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Liver Int 2016;36:1043-50. PMID 26837055
• α-Glutathione S-Transferase: A new biomarker for liver injury? Maina I, Rule JA, Wians Jr, FH, Poirier M, Grant L, Lee WM, for the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. J Appl Lab Med 2016;1:119-128.

2015

• Association Between Plasma Level of Galectin-9 and Survival of Patients With Drug-Induced Acute Liver Failure. Rosen HR, Biggins SW, Niki T, Gralla J, Hillman H, Hirashima M, Schilsky M, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group (ALFSG). Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Oct 20. PMID:26499927
• Thromobcytopenia is Associated with Multi-organ System Failure in Patients With Acute Liver Failure. Stravitz RT, Ellerbe C, Durkalski V, Reuben A, Lisman T, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016;14:613-620. PMID 26453953
• Determinants of Outcome Among Patients with Acute Liver Failure Listed for Liver Transplantation in the US. Reddy KR, Ellerbe C, Schilsky M, Stravitz RT, Fontana RJ, Durkalski V, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Liver Transpl. 2015 Sep 30. PMID:26421889 PMCID: PMC4809785
• Detection of Ophthalmic Acid in Serum from Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure Patients Is More Frequent in Non-Survivors. Kaur G, Leslie EM, Tillman H, Lee WM, Swanlund DP, Karvellas CJ; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. PLoS One. 2015 Sep 25;PMID: 26407170 PMCID: PMC4583290
• Procalcitonin Identifies Cell Injury, Not Bacterial Infection, in Acute Liver Failure. Rule JA, Hynan LS, Attar N, Sanders C, Korzun WJ, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. PLoS One. 2015 Sep 22;PMID: 26393924 PMCID: PMC4579124
• Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation, and Outcomes in Overdose With Acetaminophen Alone or With Combination Products: Results From the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Serper M, Wolf MS, Parikh NA, Tillman H, Lee WM, Ganger DR. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015 Jul 9. PMID:26166142 
• Predicting Outcome on Admission and Post-Admission for Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure Using Classification and Regression Tree Models. Speiser JL, Lee WM, Karvellas CJ; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 17; PMID:25885260 PMCID: PMC4401567
• Circulating Levels of Soluble Rage and Rage-Ligands in Patients with Acute Liver Failure. Basta G, Del Turco S, Navarra T, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Liver Transpl. 2015 Mar 30 PMID:25825217 PMCID: PMC4933521
• Plasma osteopontin in acute liver failure. Srungaram P, Rule JA, Yuan HJ, Reimold A, Dahl B, Sanders C, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Cytokine. 2015 Mar PMID: 25802196 PMCID: PMC4587490
• Comparative analysis of portal hepatic infiltrating leucocytes in acute drug-induced liver injury, idiopathic autoimmune and viral hepatitis. Foureau DM, Walling TL, Maddukuri V, Anderson W, Culbreath K, Kleiner DE, Ahrens WA, Jacobs C, Watkins PB, Fontana RJ, Chalasani N, Talwalkar J, Lee WM, Stolz A, Serrano J, Bonkovsky HL. Clin Exp Immunol. 2015 Apr; PMID:25418487 PMCID: PMC4367092
• Random forest classification of etiologies for an orphan disease. Speiser JL, Durkalski VL, Lee WM. Stat Med. 2014 Feb 28;. Epub 2014 Nov 3. PMID:25366667 PMCID: PMC4310784

2014

• Karvellas CJ, Stravitz RT, Battenhouse H, Lee WM, Schilsky ML; for the US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Therapeutic hypothermia in acute liver failure: A multicenter retrospective cohort analysis. Liver Transpl. 2014 Oct 11. PMID:25308108 PMCID: PMC4939841
• Rich NE, Sanders C, Hughes RS, Fontana RJ, Stravitz RT, Fix O, Han SH, Naugler WE, Zaman A, Lee WM. Malignant Infiltration of the Liver Presenting as Acute Liver Failure. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Sep 29. PMID: 25277846 PMCID: PMC4379128
• Woolbright BL, McGill MR, Staggs VS, Winefield RD, Gholami P, Olyaee M, Sharpe MR, Curry SC, Lee WM, Jaeschke H; the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Glycodeoxycholic Acid Levels as Prognostic Biomarker in Acetaminophen-induced Acute Liver Failure Patients. Toxicol Sci. 2014 Sep 19. PMID:25239633 PMCID: PMC4250849
• Laursen TL, Sandahl TD, Støy S, Schiødt FV, Lee WM, Vilstrup H, Thiel S, Grønbaek H; U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Circulating mannan-binding lectin, M-, L-, H-ficolin, and collectin-liver-1 levels in patients with acute liver failure. Liver Int. 2014 Sep 9. PMID:25203057 PMCID: PMC4329085

• Fontana RJ, Ellerbe C, Durkalski VE, Rangnekar A, Reddy KR, Stravitz T, McGuire B, Davern T, Reuben A, Liou I, Fix O, Ganger DR, Chung RT, Schilsky M, Han S, Hynan LS, Sanders C, Lee WM; The US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. 2-year outcomes in Initial survivors with Acute Liver failure: Results from a Prospective, Multicenter Study. Liver Int. 2014 Jul 12. PMID: 25039930 PMCID: PMC4291312

• Tujios SR, Hynan LS, Vazquez MA, Larson AM, Seremba E, Sanders CM, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Risk Factors and Outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Acute Liver Failure.Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Jul 11. PMID: 25019700 PMCID: PMC4937794
• Long D, Fix OK, Deng X, Seielstad M, Lauring AS; The Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Whole genome sequencing to identify host genetic risk factors for severe outcomes of hepatitis a virus infection. J Med Virol. 2014 Jun 30. PMID:24978929 PMCID: PMC4374731
• Mellinger JL, Rossaro L, Naugler WE, Nadig SN, Appelman H, Lee WM, Fontana RJ. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Related Acute Liver Failure: A Case Series from the US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Dig Dis Sci. 2014 Jul;59(7):1630-7. Epub 2014 Jan 25. PMID: 24464209 PMCID: PMC4250929
• McGill MR, Staggs VS, Sharpe MR, Lee WM, Jaeschke H; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Serum mitochondrial biomarkers and damage-associated molecular patterns are higher in acetaminophen overdose patients with poor outcome. Hepatology. 2014 Jun 13. PMID:24923598 PMCID: PMC4174728
• Dubin PH, Yuan H, Devine RK, Hynan LS, Jain MK, Lee WM; the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Micro-RNA-122 levels in acute liver failure and chronic hepatitis C. J Med Virol. 2014 Jun 4. PMID:24895202 PMCID: PMC4930851
• Karvellas CJ, Fix OK, Battenhouse H, Durkalski V, Sanders C, Lee WM. Outcomes and complications of intracranial pressure monitoring in acute liver failure: a retrospective cohort study. Crit Care Med 2014. PMID: 24351370 PMCID: PMC4563984
• Karvellas CJ, Cavazos J, Battenhouse H, Durkalski V, Balko J, Sanders C, Lee WM, the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. The Effects of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis and Blood Stream Infections in Acute Liver Failure: A Retrospective Cohort. Crit Care 2014PMID: 24674942 PMCID: PMC4205208
• Metushi IG, Sanders C, Lee WM, Uetrecht J. Detection of Anti-Isoniazid and Anti-CYP Antibodies in Patients with Isoniazid-Induced Liver Failure. Hepatology 2014 Mar;59(3):1084-93. PMID: 23775837. PMCID: PMC4205208
• Karkhanis J, Verna EC, Chang MS, Stravitz RT, Schilsky M, Lee WM, Brown RS Jr; the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Steroid use in acute liver failure. Hepatology. 2014 Feb;59(2):612-21. PMID: 23929808. PMCID: PMC4881740
• Court MH, Peter I, Hazarika S, Vasiadi M, Greenblatt DJ, Lee W. Candidate gene polymorphisms in patients with acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. Drug Metab Dispos 2014 Jan;42(1):28-32. PMID: 24104197.PMCID: PMC3876784

2013

• Stravitz RT, Sanyal AJ, Reisch J, Bajaj JS, Mirshahi F, Cheng J, Lee WM and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Effects of N-acetylcysteine on cytokines in non-acetaminophen acute liver failure: potential mechanism of improvement in transplant-free survival. Liver Int 2013;33:1324-31. PMID: 23782487.
• Rangnekar AS, Ellerbe C, Durkalski V, McGuire B, Lee WM, Fontana RJ. Quality of life is significantly impaired in long-term survivors of acute liver failure and particularly in acetaminophen-overdose patients. Liver Transpl 2013;19:991-1000. PMID: 23780824. PMCID: PMC3775983.
• Singh S, Hynan LS, Lee WM. Improvements in hepatic serological biomarkers are associated with clinical benefit of intravenous N-acetylcysteine in early stage non-acetaminophen acute liver failure. DDS 2013; 58:1397-402. PMCID: PMC3663882. 
• Court MH, Freytsis M, Wang X, Peter I, Guillemette C, Hazarika S, Duan SX, Greenblatt DJ, Lee WM. The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A polymorphism c.2042C>G (rs8330) is associated with increased human liver acetaminophen glucuronidation, increased UGT1A exon 5a/5b splice variant mRNA ratio, and decreased risk of unintentional acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2013; 345:297-307. PMCID: PMC3629801.

2012

• Stravitz RT, Lisman T, Luketic VA, Sterling RK, Puri P, Fuchs M, Ibrahim A, Lee WM, Sanyal AJ. Minimal effects of acute liver injury/acute liver failure on hemostasis as assessed by thromboelastography. J Hepatol 2012; 56:129-36. PMID: 21703173. PMCID: PMC4944117
• Taylor RM, Tujios S, Jinjuvadia K, Davern T, Shaikh OS, Han S, Chung RT, Lee WM, Fontana RJ. Short and long-term outcomes in patients with acute liver failure due to ischemic hepatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57:777-785. PMID: 21948394.
• Dao DY, Hynan LS, Yuan HJ, Sanders C, Balko J, Attar N, Lok ASF, Word RA, Lee WM. Two distinct subtypes of hepatitis B virus-related acute liver failure are separable by quantitative serum IgM anti-HBc and HBV DNA levels. Hepatology 2012; 55:676-684. PMCID: PMC3272543.
• Dao DY, Seremba E, Ajmera V, Sanders C, Hynan LS, Lee WM and the ALFSG. Use of nucleoside (tide) analogues in patients with hepatitis B-related acute liver failure. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57:1349-1357. PMCID: PMC3565239.
• Lee WM, Stravitz RT, Larson AM. Introduction to the revised American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Position Paper on Acute Liver Failure 2011. Hepatology 2012; 55:965-967. PMCID: PMC3378702.
• Chung RY, Stravitz, RT, Fontana RJ, Schiodt FV, Mehal W, Reddy R, Lee WM. Pathogenesis of Liver Injury in Acute Liver Failure. Gastroenterology 2012; 143:e1-7. PMCID: PMC3641754.
• Rutherford A, King LY, Hynan LS, Vedvyas C, Lin W, Lee WM, Chung RT; ALF Study Group. Development of an accurate index for predicting outcomes of patients with acute liver failure. Gastroenterology 2012;143:1237-1243. PMCID: PMC3480539.

2011

• Ajmera V, Xia G, Vaughan G, Forbi J, Ganova-Raeva LM, Khudyakov Y, Opio CK, Taylor R, Restrepo R, Munoz S, Fontana RJ, Lee WM and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. What factors determine the severity of hepatitis A related acute liver failure? Journal of Viral Hepatitis 2011;18:e167-e174. PMID: 21143345. PMCID: PMC4931904
• Khandelwal N, James LP, Sanders C, Larson AM, Lee WM, Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Unrecognized acetaminophen toxicity as a cause of indeterminate acute liver failure. Hepatology 2011; 53:567-576. PMCID: PMC3208905.
• Stravitz RT, Lefkowitch JH, Fontana RJ, Gershwin ME, Leung PS, Sterling RK, Manns MP, Norman GL, Lee WM; and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Autoimmune acute liver failure: proposed clinical and histological criteria, Hepatology 2011; 53: 517-526. PMCID: PMC3080034.

2010

• Gregory B, Larson AM, Reisch J, Lee WM and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Acetaminophen dose does not predict outcome in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. Journal of Investigative Medicine 2010; 58:707-710. PMID: 20305573. PMCID: PMC3618971
• Reuben A, Koch DG, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Drug-induced acute liver failure: results of a U.S. multicenter, prospective study. Hepatology 2010; 52:2065-2076. PMID: 20949552. PMCID: PMC3992250
• Strnad P, Zhou Q, Hanada S, Lazzeroni LC, Zhong BH, So P, Davern TJ, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group, Omary MB. Keratin variants predispose to acute liver failure and adverse outcome: race and ethnic associations. Gastroenterology 2010; 139:828-835. PMCID: PMC3249217.

2009

• Cote, GA, Gottstein, JH, Daud, A, Lee, WM, Blei, AT and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. The Role of Etiology in the Hyperamylasemia of Acute Liver Failure. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2009; 104:592-597. PMIC 19223884, PMCID: PMC3641762.
• Lee WM, Hynan LS, Rossaro L, Fontana RJ, Stravitz RT, Larson AM, Davern TL III, Murray NG, McCashland T, Reisch J, Robuck PR and the ALFSG. Intravenous N-acetylcysteine improves transplant-free survival in early stage non-acetaminophen acute liver failure. Gastroenterology 2009; 137:856-864. PMCID: PMC3189485.
• Forde KA, Reddy KR, Troxel AB, Sanders CM, Lee W, and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Racial and ethnic differences in presentation, etiology and outcomes of acute liver failure in the United States. Clin Gastroenterol and Hepatol 2009; 7:1121-1126. PMID 19501192 PMCID: PMC3642774.
• Schiødt FV, Chung RT, Schilsky ML, Hay JE, Christensen E, Lee WM and the ALFSG. Outcome of Acute liver failure in the elderly. Liver Transplant 2009; 15:1481-1487. PMCID: PMC3123453.
• James LP, Letzig L, Simpson PM, Capparelli E, Roberts DW, Hinson JA, Davern TJ, Lee WM. Pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen-protein adducts in adults with acetaminophen overdose and acute liver failure. 2009; 37:1779-1784. PMCID: PMC2712440
• Li J, Zhu X, Liu F, Cai P, Sanders C, Lee WM, Uetrecht J. Cytokine and autoantibody patterns in acute liver failure. J Immunotoxicol. 2009; 7:157-164. PMID: 20039781. PMCID: PMC4937798

2008

• Lee WM, Squires RH, Jr., Nyberg SL, Doo E, Hoofnagle JH. Acute liver failure: Summary of a workshop. Hepatology 2008; 47:1401-1415. PMCID: PMC3381946.
• Polson J, Wians FH Jr, Orsulak P, Fuller D, Murray NG, Koff JM, Khan AI, Balko JA, Hynan LS, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. False positive acetaminophen concentrations in patients with liver injury. Clin Chim Acta 2008; 391:24-30. PMID 18279672 PMCID: PMC3618976.
• Korman JD, Volenberg I, Balko J, Webster J, Schiodt FV, Lee WM, Schilsky ML and the Pediatric and Adult ALF Study Groups. Screening for Wilson disease in acute liver failure: A comparison of currently available diagnostic tests. Hepatology 2008; 48: 1167-1174. PMID: 18798336. PMCID: PMC4881751
• Levitsky J, Thadareddy A, Lakeman FD, Whitley RJ, Luby JP, Lee WM, Fontana RJ, Blei AT, Ison MG. Detection and diagnosis of herpes virus infection in adults with acute liver failure. Liver Transplant 2008; 14:1498-1504. PMID: 18825709. PMCID: PMC3618973.

2007

• Leung PS, Rossaro L, Davis PA, Park O, Tanaka A, Kikuchi K, Miyakawa H, Norman GL, Lee W, Gershwin ME; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Antimitochondrial antibodies in acute liver failure: implications for primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 2007; 46:1436-1442. PMID 17657817. PMCID: PMC3731127.
• Møller HJ, Grønbaek H, Schiødt FV, Holland-Fischer P, Schilsky M, Munoz S, Hassanein T, Lee WM; U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Soluble CD163 from activated macrophages predicts mortality in acute liver failure. J Hepatol 2007; 47:671-676. PMID: 17629586. PMCID: PMC2179895.
• Parekh NK, Hynan LS, De Lemos J, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Elevated troponin I levels in acute liver failure: is myocardial injury an integral part of acute liver failure? Hepatology 2007; 45:1489-1495. PMID: 17538968.
• Rutherford AE, Hynan LS, Borges CB, Forcione DG, Blackard JT, Lin W, Gorman AR, Shaikh OS, Reuben A, Harrison E, Reddy KR, Le WM, Chung RT; ALF Study Group. Serum apoptosis markers in acute liver failure: a pilot study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 5:1477-1483. PMID: 17967565.
• Schiødt FV, Bangert K, Shakil AO, McCashland T, Murray N, Hay JE, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Predictive value of actin-free Gc-globulin in acute liver failure. Liver Transpl 2007; 13:1324-1329. PMID: 17763387.
• Stravitz RT, Kramer AH, Davern T, Shaikh AO, Caldwell SH, Mehta RL, Blei AT, Fontana RJ, McGuire BM, Rossaro L, Smith AD, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Intensive care of patients with acute liver failure: Recommendations of the U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:2498-2508. PMID: 17901832.

2006

• Davern TJ 2nd, James LP, Hinson JA, Polson J, Larson AM, Fontana RJ, Lalani E, Munoz S, Shakil AO, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Measurement of serum acetaminophen-protein adducts in patients with acute liver failure. Gastroenterology 2006; 130:687-694. PMID: 16530510.
• James LP, Alonso EM, Hynan LS, Hinson JA, Davern TJ, Lee WM, Squires RH; Pediatric Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Detection of acetaminophen protein adducts in children with acute liver failure of indeterminate cause. Pediatrics 2006; 118:e676-681. PMID: 16950959.
• Lee WM, Brown KE, Young NS, Dawson GJ, Schlauder GG, Gutierrez RA, Fontana R, Rossaro L, Davern T, Lalani E; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Brief report: no evidence for parvovirus B19 or hepatitis E virus as a cause of acute liver failure. Dig Dis Sci 2006; 51:1712-1715. PMID: 16964546.
• Rutherford A, Davern T, Hay JE, Murray NG, Hassanein T, Lee WM, Chung RT; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Influence of high body mass index on outcome in acute liver failure. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 4:1544-1549. PMID: 16996806.
• Schiødt FV, Ostapowicz G, Murray N, Satyanarana R, Zaman A, Munoz S, Lee WM. Alpha-fetoprotein and prognosis in acute liver failure. Liver Transpl 2006; 12:1776-1781. PMID: 17133565.
• Taylor RM, Davern T, Munoz S, Han SH, McGuire B, Larson AM, Hynan L, Lee WM, Fontana RJ; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Fulminant hepatitis A virus infection in the United States: Incidence, prognosis, and outcomes. Hepatology 2006; 44:1589-1597. PMID: 17133489. PMCID: PMC3505613.

2005

• Fontana RJ, Shakil AO, Greenson JK, Boyd I, Lee WM. Acute liver failure due to amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate. Dig Dis Sci 2005; 50:1785-1790. PMID: 16187174.
• Larson AM, Polson J, Fontana RJ, Davern TJ, Lalani E, Hynan LS, Reisch JS, Schiødt FV, Ostapowicz G, Shakil AO, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: results of a United States multicenter, prospective study. Hepatology 2005; 42:1364-1372. PMID: 16317692.
• Schiødt FV, Rossaro L, Stravitz RT, Shakil AO, Chung RT, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Gc-globulin and prognosis in acute liver failure. Liver Transpl 2005; 11:1223-1227. PMID: 16184570. 
• Wai CT, Fontana RJ, Polson J, Hussain M, Shakil AO, Han SH, Davern TJ, Lee WM, Lok AS; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Clinical outcome and virological characteristics of hepatitis B-related acute liver failure in the United States. J Viral Hepat 2005; 12:192-198. PMID: 15720535.

2004

• Lee WM: Acetaminophen and the U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group: lowering the risks of hepatic failure. Hepatology 2004; 40:6-9. PMID: 15239078.

2003

• Schiødt FV, Balko J, Schilsky M, Harrison ME, Thornton A, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Thrombopoietin in acute liver failure. Hepatology 2003; 37:558-561. PMID: 12601353.
• Schiødt FV, Davern TJ, Shakil AO, McGuire B, Samuel G, Lee WM. Viral hepatitis-related acute liver failure. Am J Gastroenterol 2003; 98:448-453. PMID: 12591067.
• Umemura T, Tanaka E, Ostapowicz G, Brown KE, Heringlake S, Tassopoulos NC, Wang RY, Yeo AE, Shih JW, Orii K, Young NS, Hatzakis A, Manns MP, Lee WM, Kiyosawa K, Alter HJ. Investigation of SEN virus infection in patients with cryptogenic acute liver failure, hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia, or acute and chronic non-A-E hepatitis. J Infect Dis 2003; 188:1545-1552. PMID: 14624381.
• Vaquero J, Jordano Q, Lee WM, Blei AT; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Serum protein S-100b in acute liver failure: Results of the US Acute Liver Failure Study group. Liver Transpl 2003; 9:887-888. PMID: 12884207.
• Vaquero J, Polson J, Chung C, Helenowski I, Schiodt FV, Reisch J, Lee WM, Blei AT. Infection and the progression of hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure. Gastroenterology 2003; 125:755-764. PMID: 12949721.

2002

• Ostapowicz G, Fontana RJ, Schiødt FV, Larson A, Davern TJ, Han SH, McCashland TM, Shakil AO, Hay JE, Hynan L, Crippin JS, Blei AT, Samuel G, Reisch J, Lee WM; U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Results of a prospective study of acute liver failure at 17 tertiary care centers in the United States. Ann Intern Med2002; 137:947-954. PMID: 12484709.

2001

• Teo EK, Ostapowicz G, Hussain M, Lee WM, Fontana RJ, Lok AS; US ALF Study Group (Acute Liver Failure).Hepatitis B infection in patients with acute liver failure in the United States. Hepatology2001; 33:972-976. PMID: 11283862.

2000

• Murphy EJ, Davern TJ, Shakil AO, Shick L, Masharani U, Chow H, Freise C, Lee WM, Bass NM. Troglitazone-induced fulminant hepatic failure. Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Dig Dis Sci 2000; 45:549-553. PMID: 10749332.

1999

• Fontana RJ, McCashland TM, Benner KG, Appelman HD, Gunartanam NT, Wisecarver JL, Rabkin JM, Lee WM. Acute liver failure associated with prolonged use of bromfenac leading to liver transplantation. Liver Transpl Surg1999; 5:480-484. PMID: 10545534.
• Schiodt FV, Atillasoy E, Shakil AO, Schiff ER, Caldwell C, Kowdley KV, Stribling R, Crippin JS, Flamm S, Somberg KA, Rosen H, McCashland TM, Hay JE, Lee WM. Etiology and outcome for 295 patients with acute liver failure in the United States. Liver Transpl Surg 1999; 5:29-34. PMID: 9873089.

: 29199145

• Bleeding complications of acute liver failure. Stravitz RT, Ellerbe C, Durkalski V, Schilsky M, Fontana RJ, Peterseim C, Lee WM. Hepatology December 2017 Epub ahead of print. PMID: 29194678

• Elevated FABP1 serum levels are associated with poorer survival in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. Karvellas CJ, Speiser JL, Tremblay M, Lee WM, Rose CF; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Hepatology 2017;65:938-49. PMID 27859489
• Budd-Chiari syndrome causing acute liver failure: A multicenter case series. Parekh J, Matei VM, Canas-Coto A, Friedman D, Lee WM; and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Liver Transpl 2017;23:135-42. PMID 27656864
• An immunoassay to rapidly measure acetaminophen protein adducts accurately identifies patients with acute liver injury or failure. Roberts DW, Lee WM, Hinson JA, Bai S, Swearingen CJ, Stravitz RT, Reuben A, Letzig L, Simpson PM, Rule J, Fontana RJ, Ganger D, Reddy KR, Liou I, Fix O, James LP. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;15:555-62. PMID 27641661

• Heat stroke leading to acute liver injury and failure: A case series from the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Davis BC, Tillman H, Chung RT, Stravitz RT, Reddy KR, Fontana RJ, McGuire B, Davern T, Lee WM. Liver Int 2017;37:509-13. PMID 28128878

• Association of variants of arginine vasopressin and arginine vasopressin receptor 1A, with severe acetaminophen liver injury. Randesi M, Levran O, Correa da Rosa J, Hankins J, Rule J, Kreek MJ, Lee WM. Cell Molec Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;3;500-05. PMID 28462386

• The natural history of acute liver injury. Koch DG, Speiser JL, Durkalski V, Fontana RJ, Davern T, McGuire B, et al. Am J Gastroentorol 2017 epub ahead of print. Apr 25 PMID: 28440304

• HBV-associated acute liver failure after immunosuppression and risk of death. Karvellas CJ, Cardoso FS, Gottfried M, Reddy KR, Hanje AJ, Ganger D, Lee WM; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017;15:113-22; PMID: 27311622

2016

• Development and Pilot of a Checklist for Management of Acute Liver Failure in the Intensive Care Unit. Fix OK, Liou I, Karvellas CJ, Ganger DR, Forde KA, Subramanian RM, Boylan A, Hanje J, Stravitz RT, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. PLoS One. 2016 May 13; PMID: 27176033 PMCID: PMC4866783
• The role of hepatitis E virus infection in Adult Americans with acute liver failure. Fontana RJ, Engle RE, Scaglione S, Araya V, Shaikh O, Tillman H, Attar N, Purcell RH, Lee WM; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Hepatology. 2016 May 23. PMID: 27215797
• Development of a Model to Predict Transplant-free Survival of Patients with Acute Liver Failure. Koch DG, Tillman H, Durkalski V, Lee WM, Reuben A. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 Apr 13. PMID: 27085756
• Clinical Features and Outcomes of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Induced Acute Liver Failure and Injury. Hillman L, Gottfried M, Whitsett M, Rakela J, Schilsky M, Lee WM, Ganger D. Am J Gastroentorol. 2016 Apr 5. PMID: 27045922
• Outcomes in Adults With Acute Liver Failure Between 1998 and 2013: An Observational Cohort Study. Fontana RJ, Engle RE, Scaglione S, Araya V, Shaikh O, Tillman H, Attar N, Purcell RH, Lee WM; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. The role of hepatitis E virus infection in adult Americans with acute liver failure. Hepatology 2016;64:1870-80. PMID 27043883
• Acute Liver Injury and Acute Liver Failure from Mushroom Poisoning in North America. Karvellas CJ, Tillman H, Leung AA, Lee WM, Schilsky ML, Hameed B, Stravitz RT, McGuire BM, Fix OK; United States Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Liver Int 2016;36:1043-50. PMID 26837055

2015

• Association Between Plasma Level of Galectin-9 and Survival of Patients With Drug-Induced Acute Liver Failure. Rosen HR, Biggins SW, Niki T, Gralla J, Hillman H, Hirashima M, Schilsky M, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group (ALFSG). Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 Oct 20. PMID:26499927
• Thromobcytopenia is Associated with Multi-organ System Failure in Patients With Acute Liver Failure. Stravitz RT, Ellerbe C, Durkalski V, Reuben A, Lisman T, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2016;14:613-620. PMID 26453953
• Determinants of Outcome Among Patients with Acute Liver Failure Listed for Liver Transplantation in the US. Reddy KR, Ellerbe C, Schilsky M, Stravitz RT, Fontana RJ, Durkalski V, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Liver Transpl. 2015 Sep 30. PMID:26421889 PMCID: PMC4809785
• Detection of Ophthalmic Acid in Serum from Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure Patients Is More Frequent in Non-Survivors. Kaur G, Leslie EM, Tillman H, Lee WM, Swanlund DP, Karvellas CJ; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. PLoS One. 2015 Sep 25;PMID: 26407170 PMCID: PMC4583290
• Procalcitonin Identifies Cell Injury, Not Bacterial Infection, in Acute Liver Failure. Rule JA, Hynan LS, Attar N, Sanders C, Korzun WJ, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. PLoS One. 2015 Sep 22;PMID: 26393924 PMCID: PMC4579124
• Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation, and Outcomes in Overdose With Acetaminophen Alone or With Combination Products: Results From the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Serper M, Wolf MS, Parikh NA, Tillman H, Lee WM, Ganger DR. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015 Jul 9. PMID:26166142 
• Predicting Outcome on Admission and Post-Admission for Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure Using Classification and Regression Tree Models. Speiser JL, Lee WM, Karvellas CJ; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. PLoS One. 2015 Apr 17; PMID:25885260 PMCID: PMC4401567
• Circulating Levels of Soluble Rage and Rage-Ligands in Patients with Acute Liver Failure. Basta G, Del Turco S, Navarra T, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Liver Transpl. 2015 Mar 30 PMID:25825217 PMCID: PMC4933521
• Plasma osteopontin in acute liver failure. Srungaram P, Rule JA, Yuan HJ, Reimold A, Dahl B, Sanders C, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Cytokine. 2015 Mar PMID: 25802196 PMCID: PMC4587490
• Comparative analysis of portal hepatic infiltrating leucocytes in acute drug-induced liver injury, idiopathic autoimmune and viral hepatitis. Foureau DM, Walling TL, Maddukuri V, Anderson W, Culbreath K, Kleiner DE, Ahrens WA, Jacobs C, Watkins PB, Fontana RJ, Chalasani N, Talwalkar J, Lee WM, Stolz A, Serrano J, Bonkovsky HL. Clin Exp Immunol. 2015 Apr; PMID:25418487 PMCID: PMC4367092
• Random forest classification of etiologies for an orphan disease. Speiser JL, Durkalski VL, Lee WM. Stat Med. 2014 Feb 28;. Epub 2014 Nov 3. PMID:25366667 PMCID: PMC4310784

2014

• Karvellas CJ, Stravitz RT, Battenhouse H, Lee WM, Schilsky ML; for the US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Therapeutic hypothermia in acute liver failure: A multicenter retrospective cohort analysis. Liver Transpl. 2014 Oct 11. PMID:25308108 PMCID: PMC4939841
• Rich NE, Sanders C, Hughes RS, Fontana RJ, Stravitz RT, Fix O, Han SH, Naugler WE, Zaman A, Lee WM. Malignant Infiltration of the Liver Presenting as Acute Liver Failure. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Sep 29. PMID: 25277846 PMCID: PMC4379128
• Woolbright BL, McGill MR, Staggs VS, Winefield RD, Gholami P, Olyaee M, Sharpe MR, Curry SC, Lee WM, Jaeschke H; the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Glycodeoxycholic Acid Levels as Prognostic Biomarker in Acetaminophen-induced Acute Liver Failure Patients. Toxicol Sci. 2014 Sep 19. PMID:25239633 PMCID: PMC4250849
• Laursen TL, Sandahl TD, Støy S, Schiødt FV, Lee WM, Vilstrup H, Thiel S, Grønbaek H; U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Circulating mannan-binding lectin, M-, L-, H-ficolin, and collectin-liver-1 levels in patients with acute liver failure. Liver Int. 2014 Sep 9. PMID:25203057 PMCID: PMC4329085

• Fontana RJ, Ellerbe C, Durkalski VE, Rangnekar A, Reddy KR, Stravitz T, McGuire B, Davern T, Reuben A, Liou I, Fix O, Ganger DR, Chung RT, Schilsky M, Han S, Hynan LS, Sanders C, Lee WM; The US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. 2-year outcomes in Initial survivors with Acute Liver failure: Results from a Prospective, Multicenter Study. Liver Int. 2014 Jul 12. PMID: 25039930 PMCID: PMC4291312

• Tujios SR, Hynan LS, Vazquez MA, Larson AM, Seremba E, Sanders CM, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Risk Factors and Outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Acute Liver Failure.Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Jul 11. PMID: 25019700 PMCID: PMC4937794
• Long D, Fix OK, Deng X, Seielstad M, Lauring AS; The Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Whole genome sequencing to identify host genetic risk factors for severe outcomes of hepatitis a virus infection. J Med Virol. 2014 Jun 30.  PMID:24978929 PMCID: PMC4374731
• Mellinger JL, Rossaro L, Naugler WE, Nadig SN, Appelman H, Lee WM, Fontana RJ. Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Related Acute Liver Failure: A Case Series from the US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Dig Dis Sci. 2014 Jul;59(7):1630-7. Epub 2014 Jan 25. PMID: 24464209 PMCID: PMC4250929
• McGill MR, Staggs VS, Sharpe MR, Lee WM, Jaeschke H; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Serum mitochondrial biomarkers and damage-associated molecular patterns are higher in acetaminophen overdose patients with poor outcome. Hepatology. 2014 Jun 13. PMID:24923598 PMCID: PMC4174728
• Dubin PH, Yuan H, Devine RK, Hynan LS, Jain MK, Lee WM; the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Micro-RNA-122 levels in acute liver failure and chronic hepatitis C. J Med Virol. 2014 Jun 4. PMID:24895202 PMCID: PMC4930851
• Karvellas CJ, Fix OK, Battenhouse H, Durkalski V, Sanders C, Lee WM. Outcomes and complications of intracranial pressure monitoring in acute liver failure: a retrospective cohort study. Crit Care Med 2014. PMID: 24351370 PMCID: PMC4563984
• Karvellas CJ, Cavazos J, Battenhouse H, Durkalski V, Balko J, Sanders C, Lee WM, the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. The Effects of Antimicrobial Prophylaxis and Blood Stream Infections in Acute Liver Failure: A Retrospective Cohort. Crit Care 2014PMID: 24674942 PMCID: PMC4205208
• Metushi IG, Sanders C, Lee WM, Uetrecht J. Detection of Anti-Isoniazid and Anti-CYP Antibodies in Patients with Isoniazid-Induced Liver Failure. Hepatology 2014 Mar;59(3):1084-93. PMID: 23775837. PMCID: PMC4205208
• Karkhanis J, Verna EC, Chang MS, Stravitz RT, Schilsky M, Lee WM, Brown RS Jr; the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Steroid use in acute liver failure. Hepatology. 2014 Feb;59(2):612-21. PMID: 23929808. PMCID: PMC4881740
• Court MH, Peter I, Hazarika S, Vasiadi M, Greenblatt DJ, Lee W. Candidate gene polymorphisms in patients with acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. Drug Metab Dispos 2014 Jan;42(1):28-32. PMID: 24104197.PMCID: PMC3876784

2013

• Stravitz RT, Sanyal AJ, Reisch J, Bajaj JS, Mirshahi F, Cheng J, Lee WM and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Effects of N-acetylcysteine on cytokines in non-acetaminophen acute liver failure: potential mechanism of improvement in transplant-free survival. Liver Int 2013;33:1324-31. PMID: 23782487.
• Rangnekar AS, Ellerbe C, Durkalski V, McGuire B, Lee WM, Fontana RJ. Quality of life is significantly impaired in long-term survivors of acute liver failure and particularly in acetaminophen-overdose patients. Liver Transpl 2013;19:991-1000. PMID: 23780824. PMCID: PMC3775983.
• Singh S, Hynan LS, Lee WM. Improvements in hepatic serological biomarkers are associated with clinical benefit of intravenous N-acetylcysteine in early stage non-acetaminophen acute liver failure. DDS 2013; 58:1397-402. PMCID: PMC3663882. 
• Court MH, Freytsis M, Wang X, Peter I, Guillemette C, Hazarika S, Duan SX, Greenblatt DJ, Lee WM.The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A polymorphism c.2042C>G (rs8330) is associated with increased human liver acetaminophen glucuronidation, increased UGT1A exon 5a/5b splice variant mRNA ratio, and decreased risk of unintentional acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2013; 345:297-307. PMCID: PMC3629801.

2012

• Stravitz RT, Lisman T, Luketic VA, Sterling RK, Puri P, Fuchs M, Ibrahim A, Lee WM, Sanyal AJ. Minimal effects of acute liver injury/acute liver failure on hemostasis as assessed by thromboelastography. J Hepatol 2012; 56:129-36. PMID: 21703173. PMCID: PMC4944117
• Taylor RM, Tujios S, Jinjuvadia K, Davern T, Shaikh OS, Han S, Chung RT, Lee WM, Fontana RJ. Short and long-term outcomes in patients with acute liver failure due to ischemic hepatitis. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57:777-785. PMID: 21948394.
• Dao DY, Hynan LS, Yuan HJ, Sanders C, Balko J, Attar N, Lok ASF, Word RA, Lee WM. Two distinct subtypes of hepatitis B virus-related acute liver failure are separable by quantitative serum IgM anti-HBc and HBV DNA levels. Hepatology 2012; 55:676-684. PMCID: PMC3272543.
• Dao DY, Seremba E, Ajmera V, Sanders C, Hynan LS, Lee WM and the ALFSG. Use of nucleoside (tide) analogues in patients with hepatitis B-related acute liver failure. Dig Dis Sci 2012; 57:1349-1357. PMCID: PMC3565239.
• Lee WM, Stravitz RT, Larson AM. Introduction to the revised American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases Position Paper on Acute Liver Failure 2011. Hepatology 2012; 55:965-967. PMCID: PMC3378702.
• Chung RY, Stravitz, RT, Fontana RJ, Schiodt FV, Mehal W, Reddy R, Lee WM. Pathogenesis of Liver Injury in Acute Liver Failure. Gastroenterology 2012; 143:e1-7. PMCID: PMC3641754.
• Rutherford A, King LY, Hynan LS, Vedvyas C, Lin W, Lee WM, Chung RT; ALF Study Group. Development of an accurate index for predicting outcomes of patients with acute liver failure. Gastroenterology 2012;143:1237-1243. PMCID: PMC3480539.

2011

• Ajmera V, Xia G, Vaughan G, Forbi J, Ganova-Raeva LM, Khudyakov Y, Opio CK, Taylor R, Restrepo R, Munoz S, Fontana RJ, Lee WM and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. What factors determine the severity of hepatitis A related acute liver failure? Journal of Viral Hepatitis 2011;18:e167-e174. PMID: 21143345. PMCID: PMC4931904
• Khandelwal N, James LP, Sanders C, Larson AM, Lee WM, Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Unrecognized acetaminophen toxicity as a cause of indeterminate acute liver failure. Hepatology 2011; 53:567-576. PMCID: PMC3208905.
• Stravitz RT, Lefkowitch JH, Fontana RJ, Gershwin ME, Leung PS, Sterling RK, Manns MP, Norman GL, Lee WM; and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Autoimmune acute liver failure: proposed clinical and histological criteria, Hepatology 2011; 53: 517-526. PMCID: PMC3080034.

2010

• Gregory B, Larson AM, Reisch J, Lee WM and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Acetaminophen dose does not predict outcome in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. Journal of Investigative Medicine 2010; 58:707-710. PMID: 20305573. PMCID: PMC3618971
• Reuben A, Koch DG, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Drug-induced acute liver failure: results of a U.S. multicenter, prospective study. Hepatology 2010; 52:2065-2076. PMID: 20949552. PMCID: PMC3992250
• Strnad P, Zhou Q, Hanada S, Lazzeroni LC, Zhong BH, So P, Davern TJ, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group, Omary MB. Keratin variants predispose to acute liver failure and adverse outcome: race and ethnic associations. Gastroenterology 2010; 139:828-835. PMCID: PMC3249217.

2009

• Cote, GA, Gottstein, JH, Daud, A, Lee, WM, Blei, AT and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. The Role of Etiology in the Hyperamylasemia of Acute Liver Failure. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2009; 104:592-597. PMIC 19223884, PMCID: PMC3641762.
• Lee WM, Hynan LS, Rossaro L, Fontana RJ, Stravitz RT, Larson AM, Davern TL III, Murray NG, McCashland T, Reisch J, Robuck PR and the ALFSG. Intravenous N-acetylcysteine improves transplant-free survival in early stage non-acetaminophen acute liver failure. Gastroenterology 2009; 137:856-864. PMCID: PMC3189485.
• Forde KA, Reddy KR, Troxel AB, Sanders CM, Lee W, and the Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Racial and ethnic differences in presentation, etiology and outcomes of acute liver failure in the United States. Clin Gastroenterol and Hepatol 2009; 7:1121-1126. PMID 19501192 PMCID: PMC3642774.
• Schiødt FV, Chung RT, Schilsky ML, Hay JE, Christensen E, Lee WM and the ALFSG. Outcome of Acute liver failure in the elderly. Liver Transplant 2009; 15:1481-1487. PMCID: PMC3123453.
• James LP, Letzig L, Simpson PM, Capparelli E, Roberts DW, Hinson JA, Davern TJ, Lee WM. Pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen-protein adducts in adults with acetaminophen overdose and acute liver failure. 2009; 37:1779-1784. PMCID: PMC2712440
• Li J, Zhu X, Liu F, Cai P, Sanders C, Lee WM, Uetrecht J. Cytokine and autoantibody patterns in acute liver failure. J Immunotoxicol. 2009; 7:157-164. PMID: 20039781. PMCID: PMC4937798

2008

• Lee WM, Squires RH, Jr., Nyberg SL, Doo E, Hoofnagle JH. Acute liver failure: Summary of a workshop. Hepatology 2008; 47:1401-1415. PMCID: PMC3381946.
• Polson J, Wians FH Jr, Orsulak P, Fuller D, Murray NG, Koff JM, Khan AI, Balko JA, Hynan LS, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. False positive acetaminophen concentrations in patients with liver injury. Clin Chim Acta 2008; 391:24-30. PMID 18279672 PMCID: PMC3618976.
• Korman JD, Volenberg I, Balko J, Webster J, Schiodt FV, Lee WM, Schilsky ML and the Pediatric and Adult ALF Study Groups. Screening for Wilson disease in acute liver failure: A comparison of currently available diagnostic tests. Hepatology 2008; 48: 1167-1174. PMID: 18798336. PMCID: PMC4881751
• Levitsky J, Thadareddy A, Lakeman FD, Whitley RJ, Luby JP, Lee WM, Fontana RJ, Blei AT, Ison MG. Detection and diagnosis of herpes virus infection in adults with acute liver failure. Liver Transplant 2008; 14:1498-1504. PMID: 18825709. PMCID: PMC3618973.

2007

• Leung PS, Rossaro L, Davis PA, Park O, Tanaka A, Kikuchi K, Miyakawa H, Norman GL, Lee W, Gershwin ME; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Antimitochondrial antibodies in acute liver failure: implications for primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 2007; 46:1436-1442. PMID 17657817. PMCID: PMC3731127.
• Møller HJ, Grønbaek H, Schiødt FV, Holland-Fischer P, Schilsky M, Munoz S, Hassanein T, Lee WM; U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Soluble CD163 from activated macrophages predicts mortality in acute liver failure. J Hepatol 2007; 47:671-676. PMID: 17629586. PMCID: PMC2179895.
• Parekh NK, Hynan LS, De Lemos J, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Elevated troponin I levels in acute liver failure: is myocardial injury an integral part of acute liver failure? Hepatology 2007; 45:1489-1495. PMID: 17538968.
• Rutherford AE, Hynan LS, Borges CB, Forcione DG, Blackard JT, Lin W, Gorman AR, Shaikh OS, Reuben A, Harrison E, Reddy KR, Le WM, Chung RT; ALF Study Group. Serum apoptosis markers in acute liver failure: a pilot study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2007; 5:1477-1483. PMID: 17967565.
• Schiødt FV, Bangert K, Shakil AO, McCashland T, Murray N, Hay JE, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Predictive value of actin-free Gc-globulin in acute liver failure. Liver Transpl 2007; 13:1324-1329. PMID: 17763387.
• Stravitz RT, Kramer AH, Davern T, Shaikh AO, Caldwell SH, Mehta RL, Blei AT, Fontana RJ, McGuire BM, Rossaro L, Smith AD, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Intensive care of patients with acute liver failure: Recommendations of the U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:2498-2508. PMID: 17901832.

2006

• Davern TJ 2nd, James LP, Hinson JA, Polson J, Larson AM, Fontana RJ, Lalani E, Munoz S, Shakil AO, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Measurement of serum acetaminophen-protein adducts in patients with acute liver failure. Gastroenterology 2006; 130:687-694. PMID: 16530510.
• James LP, Alonso EM, Hynan LS, Hinson JA, Davern TJ, Lee WM, Squires RH; Pediatric Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Detection of acetaminophen protein adducts in children with acute liver failure of indeterminate cause. Pediatrics 2006; 118:e676-681. PMID: 16950959.
• Lee WM, Brown KE, Young NS, Dawson GJ, Schlauder GG, Gutierrez RA, Fontana R, Rossaro L, Davern T, Lalani E; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Brief report: no evidence for parvovirus B19 or hepatitis E virus as a cause of acute liver failure. Dig Dis Sci 2006; 51:1712-1715. PMID: 16964546.
• Rutherford A, Davern T, Hay JE, Murray NG, Hassanein T, Lee WM, Chung RT; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Influence of high body mass index on outcome in acute liver failure. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006; 4:1544-1549. PMID: 16996806.
• Schiødt FV, Ostapowicz G, Murray N, Satyanarana R, Zaman A, Munoz S, Lee WM. Alpha-fetoprotein and prognosis in acute liver failure. Liver Transpl 2006; 12:1776-1781. PMID: 17133565.
• Taylor RM, Davern T, Munoz S, Han SH, McGuire B, Larson AM, Hynan L, Lee WM, Fontana RJ; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Fulminant hepatitis A virus infection in the United States: Incidence, prognosis, and outcomes. Hepatology 2006; 44:1589-1597. PMID: 17133489. PMCID: PMC3505613.

2005

• Fontana RJ, Shakil AO, Greenson JK, Boyd I, Lee WM. Acute liver failure due to amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate. Dig Dis Sci 2005; 50:1785-1790. PMID: 16187174.
• Larson AM, Polson J, Fontana RJ, Davern TJ, Lalani E, Hynan LS, Reisch JS, Schiødt FV, Ostapowicz G, Shakil AO, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: results of a United States multicenter, prospective study. Hepatology 2005; 42:1364-1372. PMID: 16317692.
• Schiødt FV, Rossaro L, Stravitz RT, Shakil AO, Chung RT, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Gc-globulin and prognosis in acute liver failure. Liver Transpl 2005; 11:1223-1227. PMID: 16184570. 
• Wai CT, Fontana RJ, Polson J, Hussain M, Shakil AO, Han SH, Davern TJ, Lee WM, Lok AS; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Clinical outcome and virological characteristics of hepatitis B-related acute liver failure in the United States. J Viral Hepat 2005; 12:192-198. PMID: 15720535.

2004

• Lee WM: Acetaminophen and the U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group: lowering the risks of hepatic failure. Hepatology 2004; 40:6-9. PMID: 15239078.

2003

• Schiødt FV, Balko J, Schilsky M, Harrison ME, Thornton A, Lee WM; Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Thrombopoietin in acute liver failure. Hepatology 2003; 37:558-561. PMID: 12601353.
• Schiødt FV, Davern TJ, Shakil AO, McGuire B, Samuel G, Lee WM. Viral hepatitis-related acute liver failure. Am J Gastroentorol 2003; 98:448-453. PMID: 12591067.
• Umemura T, Tanaka E, Ostapowicz G, Brown KE, Heringlake S, Tassopoulos NC, Wang RY, Yeo AE, Shih JW, Orii K, Young NS, Hatzakis A, Manns MP, Lee WM, Kiyosawa K, Alter HJ. Investigation of SEN virus infection in patients with cryptogenic acute liver failure, hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia, or acute and chronic non-A-E hepatitis. J Infect Dis 2003; 188:1545-1552. PMID: 14624381.
• Vaquero J, Jordano Q, Lee WM, Blei AT; US Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Serum protein S-100b in acute liver failure: Results of the US Acute Liver Failure Study group. Liver Transpl 2003; 9:887-888. PMID: 12884207.
• Vaquero J, Polson J, Chung C, Helenowski I, Schiodt FV, Reisch J, Lee WM, Blei AT. Infection and the progression of hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure. Gastroenterology 2003; 125:755-764. PMID: 12949721.

2002

• Ostapowicz G, Fontana RJ, Schiødt FV, Larson A, Davern TJ, Han SH, McCashland TM, Shakil AO, Hay JE, Hynan L, Crippin JS, Blei AT, Samuel G, Reisch J, Lee WM; U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Results of a prospective study of acute liver failure at 17 tertiary care centers in the United States. Ann Intern Med2002; 137:947-954. PMID: 12484709.

2001

• Teo EK, Ostapowicz G, Hussain M, Lee WM, Fontana RJ, Lok AS; US ALF Study Group (Acute Liver Failure).Hepatitis B infection in patients with acute liver failure in the United States. Hepatology2001; 33:972-976. PMID: 11283862.

2000

• Murphy EJ, Davern TJ, Shakil AO, Shick L, Masharani U, Chow H, Freise C, Lee WM, Bass NM. Troglitazone-induced fulminant hepatic failure. Acute Liver Failure Study Group. Dig Dis Sci 2000; 45:549-553. PMID: 10749332.

1999

• Fontana RJ, McCashland TM, Benner KG, Appelman HD, Gunartanam NT, Wisecarver JL, Rabkin JM, Lee WM. Acute liver failure associated with prolonged use of bromfenac leading to liver transplantation. Liver Transpl Surg1999; 5:480-484. PMID: 10545534.
• Schiodt FV, Atillasoy E, Shakil AO, Schiff ER, Caldwell C, Kowdley KV, Stribling R, Crippin JS, Flamm S, Somberg KA, Rosen H, McCashland TM, Hay JE, Lee WM. Etiology and outcome for 295 patients with acute liver failure in the United States. Liver Transpl Surg 1999; 5:29-34. PMID: 9873089.